Life Zhang Xiu (warlord)

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map showing major warlords of han dynasty in 190s, including zhang xiu


zhang xiu zuli county (祖厲縣), wuwei commandery (武威郡), in present-day jingyuan county, gansu. distant nephew of zhang ji, served under tyrannical warlord dong zhuo. after dong zhuo s death in 192, former subjects, including zhang ji, waged coup , took on imperial capital chang an. part in coup, zhang xiu promoted general builds loyalty (建忠將軍) , enfeoffed marquis of xuanwei (宣威侯).


after zhang ji s death, zhang xiu took on command of troops , occupied wan (宛; or wancheng (宛城); in present-day nanyang, henan). allied himself liu biao, governor of jing province , major warlord of time. in 197, warlord cao cao, controlled han central government, led forces on campaigns against rival warlords. when arrived @ banks of bai river (白河), zhang xiu promptly surrendered him , allowed retain control on wan.


cao cao took zhang ji s widow concubine, angered zhang xiu. cao cao heard of zhang xiu s displeasure , plotted kill him. however, plan leaked , zhang xiu waged surprise attack against cao cao, leading battle of wancheng. cao cao s personal bodyguard dian wei died defending front gate camp cao cao escape through gate. in hasty retreat, cao cao s eldest son, cao ang, offered own horse father, steed felled enemy arrows, , killed pursuers.


henceafter, cao cao had sent forces attack zhang xiu years without success. in 200, however, zhang xiu heeded suggestion adviser, jia xu, , surrendered cao cao again. cao cao decided put aside past feud zhang xiu , accept surrender. proposed marriage between son cao jun , zhang xiu s daughter.


around time, cao cao @ war northern warlord yuan shao @ battle of guandu. having performed during conflict, zhang xiu promoted general defeats qiang (破羌將軍). in 207, zhang xiu died @ liucheng (present-day chaoyang, liaoning) en route join cao cao in northern campaign against wuhuan tribes. han imperial court honoured him posthumous title marquis ding (定侯), literally meaning steadfast marquis .







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