Party history Social Democratic League

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1 party history

1.1 before 1881
1.2 1881-1893: sdb
1.3 1893-1900: sb
1.4 name





party history
before 1881

in 1860s socialist movement began develop in netherlands. development aided foundation of first international , foundation of first trade unions.


most of unions united in moderate algemeen nederlandsch werklieden verbond (general dutch workingmans association; anwv) in 1871, founded protestants , liberals combat influence of dutch section of first internationale. prominent dutch representatives of first international joined anwv in order radicalize organization. in 1878 they, led willem ansigh, left anwv found sociaal-democratische vereeniging (social-democratic association; sdv). had branches in major cities amsterdam, hague, haarlem , rotterdam


1881-1893: sdb

the sdb founded in 1881 members of sdv , similar local socialist parties. strongest of these local socialist parties located in poor rural province friesland. party based on marxist principles , therefore expected proletarian revolution. in 1882 ferdinand domela nieuwenhuis, lapsed lutheran minister, elected general secretary of party. hold position until 1887 , grow become party s strongman, retained position when in prison in 1886-1887 insulting monarchy. party published paper justice ( recht voor allen ) of domela editor. sdb affiliated league general suffrage, dominantly liberal organization campaigned universal suffrage.


in 1888, despite party s revolutionary orientation decided participate in elections. domela nieuwenhuis elected house of representatives district of schoterland. party supported liberal friesche volkspartij (frisian people s party). domela nieuwenhuis won seat in second round support protestant anti revolutionary party preferred socialist on liberal mp. in parliament domela nieuwenhuis tried gain attention interests of dutch workers, ignored other mps.


in 1891 general election domela decided not run again. seat taken willem treub, member of left-liberal radical league. electoral defeat led debate within party. group of moderates wanted continue parliamentary work , reformist course, group, led domela nieuwenhuis, wanted pursue anti-parliamentary course strong anarchist orientation. led split: during sdb party conference of 1893 in groningen, majority voted stop participating in elections. minority of members led pieter jelles troelstra tried prevent this, , later left party in order create new party. split mirrored larger conflict in first international between reformists , revolutionaries, , marxists , anarchists.


1893-1900: sb

in 1893 sdb forbidden dutch government because party had promoted illegal means attain goal. in response party renamed socialistenbond (socialist league, sb). when anarchist elements began take full control of sdb, important regional social-democratic figures joined group around troelstra. formed group called twelve apostles . founded social democratic workers party (sdap) in 1894. in 1896 radical wing of party, led domela nieuwenhuis left sb , continued without party organization. chose anarchist course , direct action. founded paper de vrije socialist ( free socialist ) , became linked nationaal arbeidssecretariaat (national workers secretariat; nas) anarcho-syndicalist union founded in 1893. in 1901 district of schoterland elected independent socialist candidate, geert van der zwaag mp. views similar of domela nieuwenhuis in 1880s. in 1900 sb joined sdap had become electorally successful. when domela nieuwenhuis died in 1919 anarchist movement in netherland lost significance.



name

before russian revolution term social-democrat, socialist , communist used interchangeably denote marxist ideology. social-democrat not more or less radical socialist. organizations called league (bond) because didn t see party in traditional sense. entrenched in extra-parliamentary opposition , entered elections once.







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