Origins Vereinigte Glanzstoff-Fabriken

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johann urban, co-founder of vgf, in 1928


in 1857 swiss chemist matthias eduard schweizer (1818–60) found cotton dissolved in solution of copper salts , ammonia , regenerated. in 1890 french chemist louis henri despeissis invented cuprammonium process spinning fibers cotton dissolved in schweizer s reagent. despeissis died in 1892 , patent not renewed.


max fremery (1859–1932), german chemist, , johann urban (1863–1940), austrian engineer, manufacturing lamp filaments in oberbruch near aachen in 1891 using cotton , schweizer s reagent. fremery , urban decided start making artificial silk (glanzstoff), , patented version of despeissis process addition of practical method spinning fiber. filed patent under name of dr. hermann pauly (1870–1950) not alert competitors. patent challenged upheld. fremery , urban moved headquarters elberfeld, suburb of wuppertal. vereinigte glanzstoff-fabriken (vgf) launched on 19 september 1899 2 million marks of capital.


the bergisch-märkischen bank provided financing.





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