History Kano Emirate

1 history

1.1 hausa kingdom , sultanate
1.2 fulani conquest , rule
1.3 fall

history
hausa kingdom , sultanate

the hausa kingdom of kano based on ancient settlement of dala hill. while small chiefdoms present in area, according kano chronicle, bagauda, grandson of mythical hero bayajidda, became first king of kano in 999, reigning until 1063. muhammad rumfa ascended throne in 1463 , reigned until 1499. during reign reformed city, expanded sahelian gidan rumfa (emir s palace), , played role in further islamization of city urged prominent residents convert. hausa state remained independent until fulani conquest of 1805.

fulani conquest , rule

1850 steel engraving of kano

at beginning of 19th century, fulani islamic leader usman dan fodio led jihad affecting of northern nigeria, leading emergence of sokoto caliphate. kano became largest , prosperous province of empire. 1 of last major slave societies, high percentages of enslaved population long after atlantic slave trade had been cut off. heinrich barth, classical scholar spent several years in northern nigeria in 1850s, estimated percentage of slaves in kano @ least 50%, of whom lived in slave villages.

from 1893 until 1895, 2 rival claimants throne fought civil war. of royal slaves, yusufu victorious on tukur, , claimed title of emir.

fall

the british pacification campaign termed kano-sokoto expedition set off zaria @ end of january 1903 under command of colonel morland. british officers , n.c.o.s , 800 african rank , file. apart company of mounted infantry , few gunners, whole force consisted of infantry. supported, however, 4 75-mm. mountain guns, if necessary dismantled , transported porters, , 6 machine guns.

after sporadic fighting outside walls of fort, british managed penetrate defensive parameters of capital. kano left defenseless @ time, emir, aliyu babba away large contingent cavalry autumn campaign @ sokoto. news of british capture of kano in february 1903 sent cavarlry in long march retake city.

after defeating british in 3 encounters, on 27 of february 1903, grand vizier of kano; ahmadu mai shahada , of kano cavalry ambushed @ katarkwashi. death of vizier , subsequent capture , exile lokoja of 7th emir of kano; aliyu babba spelled formative end of kano emirate.

the british made kano important administrative centre , kept of emirates institutions in form of kano emirate council subject british crown in newly formed state called northern nigeria.