Battle of Red Cliffs Sun Quan

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a mural showing chariots , cavalry, dahuting tomb (打虎亭漢墓) of late eastern han dynasty (25-220 ad), located in zhengzhou, henan


after liu biao s death, succession struggle domain came being, between sons liu qi , younger son liu cong, whom liu biao s second wife lady cai favoured (because had married niece). after huang zu s death, liu qi therefore given huang s post governor of jiangxia commandery (around present-day xinzhou district, wuhan, hubei). liu cong therefore succeeded liu biao after death, , liu qi displeased , considered, did not carry out, attack against brother. nevertheless, liu cong, in fear of having fight cao cao , brother on 2 fronts, surrendered cao cao against advice of liu biao s key ally liu bei. liu bei, unwilling submit cao cao, fled south. cao caught him , crushed forces, liu bei escaped life; fled dangyang (當陽, in present-day yichang, hubei). cao cao took on of jing province, , appeared set on unifying empire.


sun quan aware of cao cao s intentions, , entered alliance liu bei , liu qi prepare attack cao. cao cao wrote sun quan letter intending intimidate, , in face of cao s overwhelming force (estimated 220,000 men, although cao claimed 800,000, against sun s 30,000 , lius combined force of 10,000), many of sun s subordinates, including zhang zhao, advocated surrender. sun quan refused, under advice zhou yu , lu su (that cao cao surely not tolerate him if surrendered).


sun quan put zhou yu in charge of 30,000 men, largely stationed on naval ships, , zhou set defensive position in conjunction liu bei, army stationed on land. time, there plague developing in cao cao s forces weakened it. zhou yu set trap pretended punishing subordinate huang gai, , huang pretended surrender cao cao in fear. zhou yu sent ships under huang gai s command pretend surrender and, huang s ships approached cao cao s fleet, set aflame assault cao s fleet, , cao s fleet largely destroyed fire. cao cao led forces escape on land, of force destroyed sun quan , liu bei s land forces.







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