Weakening in 1917 Catholic religious order
the hieronymite monks.
however, abolished distinction according solemn vows, unlike simple vows, indissoluble. recognized no totally indispensable religious vows , thereby abrogated latin church special consecration distinguished orders congregations , while keeping juridical distinctions.
in practice, before 1917 dispensations solemn religious vows being obtained grant of pope himself, while departments of holy see , superiors specially delegated dispense simple religious vows.
the 1917 code maintained juridical distinction declaring invalid marriage attempted solemnly professed religious or simple vows holy see had attached effect of invalidating marriage, while stating no simple vow rendered marriage invalid, except in cases in holy see directed otherwise. members of orders barred absolutely marriage, , marriage attempted invalid. made simple vows obliged not marry, if did break vow, marriage considered valid.
another difference professed religious of solemn vows lost right own property , capacity acquire temporal goods himself or herself, professed religious of simple vows, while being prohibited vow of poverty using , administering property, kept ownership , right acquire more, unless constitutions of religious institute explicitly stated contrary.
after publication of 1917 code, many institutes simple vows appealed holy see permission make solemn vows. apostolic constitution sponsa christi of 21 november 1950 made access permission easier nuns (in strict sense), though not religious institutes dedicated apostolic activity. many of these latter institutes of women petitioned solemn vow of poverty alone. towards end of second vatican council, superiors general of clerical institutes , abbots president of monastic congregations authorized permit, cause, subjects of simple vows made reasonable request renounce property except required sustenance if depart. these changes resulted in further blurring of clear distinction between orders , congregations , since institutes founded congregations began have members had 3 solemn vows or had members took solemn vow of poverty , simple vows of chastity , obedience.
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