International adoption Metric system

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areas annexed france during napoleonic era first inherit metric system. in 1812, napoleon introduced system known mesures usuelles, used names of pre-metric units of measure, defined them in terms of metric units – example, livre metrique (metric pound) 500 g , toise metrique (metric fathom) 2 metres. after congress of vienna in 1815, france lost territories had annexed; some, such papal states reverted pre-revolutionary units of measure, others such baden adopted modified version of mesures usuelles, france kept system of measurement intact.


in 1817, netherlands reintroduced metric system, used pre-revolutionary names—for example 1 centimetre became duim (thumb), ons (ounce) became 100 g , on. german states adopted similar systems , in 1852 german zollverein (customs union) adopted zollpfund (customs pound) of 500 g intrastate commerce. in 1872 newly formed german empire adopted metric system official system of weights , measures , newly formed kingdom of italy likewise, following lead given piedmont, adopted metric system in 1861.


the exposition universelle (1867) (paris exhibition) devoted stand metric system , 1875, 2 thirds of european population , close half world s population had adopted metric system. 1872, principal european countries not have adopted metric system russia , united kingdom.


by 1920, countries comprising 22% of world s population, english-speaking, used imperial system or closely related customary system; 25% used metric system , remaining 53% used neither.


in 1927, several million people in united states sent on 100,000 petitions backed metric association , general federation of women s clubs urging congress adopt metric system. petition opposed manufacturing industry, citing cost of conversion.








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