Cambodia Devaraja

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the cult of devaraja enabled khmer kings embark on grand-scale project, such build angkor wat.


in ancient cambodia, devarāja recognized state s institutionalized religion. cambodian cult of god-king believed established in 9th century jayavarman ii, founder of khmer empire of angkor, brahmin scholar sivakaivalya first chief priest @ mahendraparvata. centuries, cult provided religious basis of royal authority of khmer kings.


in khmer context term used in latter sense god-king , occurs in sanskrit portion of inscription k. 235 sdok kak thom / sdok kăk thoṃ (in modern thailand) dated 8 february 1053 ce, referring khmer term kamrateṅ jagat ta rāja ( lord of universe king ) describing protective deity of khmer empire, distinctly khmer deity, mentioned before in inscription k. 682 of chok gargyar (kòḥ ker) dated 921/22 ce.


in sdok kăk thoṃ inscription member of brahmin family claimed ancestors since time of jayavarman ii (khmer: ជ័យវរ្ម័នទី២), established around 800 ce marriage daughter of local king in angkor region small realm became @ end of 9th century famous khmer empire, responsible cult of devarāja (kamrateṅ jagat ta rāja). historians formerly dated reign running 802 ce 850 ce, these dates of late origin (11th century) , without historical basis. scholars have tried identify jayavarman ii jayavarman ibis known inscriptions práḥ thãt práḥ srĕi south of kompoṅ Čàṃ (k. 103, dated 20 april 770) , lobŏ’k srót in vicinity of kračèḥ close ancient town of Śambhupura (k. 134, dated 781 ce). sdok kăk thoṃ inscription incised c. 250 years after events (of historicity doubtful) recounts on top of kulen hills, jayavarman ii instructed brahmin priest named hiraṇyadāman conduct religious ritual known cult of devarāja (khmer: ទេវរាជា) placed him cakravartin, universal monarch, title never heard of before in cambodia.


coedes states, ...in southern india, mount mahendra considered residence of siva king of gods (devaraja), including indra devaraja, , sovereign of country mountain stands. ritual of devaraja established brahmin hiranydama based on 4 texts - vinasikha, nayottara, sammoha, , siraccheda...the 4 faces of tumburu. these tantras supposed have been uttered 4 mouths of siva represented gandharva tumburu. goes on state, in indianized kingdoms of southeast asia, hindu cults...eventually became royal cults. essence of royalty...was supposed reside in linga...obtained siva through brahmin delivered king...the communion between king , god through medium of priest took place on sacred mountain.


today, tradition of public reverence king of cambodia said continuation of ancient devaraja cult, , mistakenly said of king of thailand.








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