Functions Gatekeeper (macOS)

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1 functions

1.1 configuration
1.2 quarantine
1.3 execution
1.4 override
1.5 path randomization





functions
configuration



in security & privacy panel of system preferences, user has 3 options:



mac app store
allows applications downloaded mac app store launched.
mac app store , identified developers
allows applications downloaded mac app store , applications signed certified apple developers launched. default setting since mountain lion.
anywhere
allows applications launched. turns gatekeeper off. default setting in lion. in macos sierra, option hidden default.

the command-line utility spctl provides granular controls, such custom rules , individual or blanket permissions, option turn gatekeeper off.


quarantine

upon download of application, particular extended file attribute ( quarantine flag ) can added downloaded file. attribute added application downloads file, such web browser or email client, not added torrent downloaders, such transmission (bittorrent client), nor bit torrent. behavior disabled default third-party applications , developers need opt it. system can force behavior upon individual applications.


execution



when user attempts open application such attribute, system delay execution , verify whether is:



blacklisted,
code-signed,
code-signed apple or certified developer,
code-signed , code-signed contents still match signature.

since mac os x snow leopard, system keeps 2 blacklists identify known malware or insecure software. blacklists updated periodically. if application blacklisted, file quarantine refuse open , recommend user move trash.


gatekeeper refuse open application if code-signing requirements not met. apple can revoke developer s certificate application signed , prevent further distribution.


once application has passed file quarantine or gatekeeper, allowed run , not verified again.


override

to override gatekeeper, user (acting administrator) either has switch more lenient policy security & privacy panel of system preferences or authorize manual override particular application, either opening application context menu or adding spctl.


path randomization

developers can sign disk images can verified unit system. in macos sierra, allows developers guarantee integrity of bundled files , prevent attackers infecting , subsequently redistributing them. in addition, path randomization executes application bundles random, hidden path , prevents them accessing external files relative location. feature turned off if application bundle originated signed installer package or disk image or if user manually moved application without other files directory.








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