After the war W. E. B. Du Bois



du bois documented 1919 red summer race riots. family evacuating house after vandalized in chicago race riot.


after returning europe, du bois more determined ever gain equal rights african americans. black soldiers returning overseas felt new sense of power , worth, , representative of emerging attitude referred new negro. in editorial returning soldiers wrote: but, god of heaven, cowards , jackasses if, war over, not marshal every ounce of our brain , brawn fight sterner, longer, more unbending battle against forces of hell in our own land. many blacks moved northern cities in search of work, , northern white workers resented competition. labor strife 1 of causes of red summer of 1919, horrific series of race riots across america, in on 300 african americans killed in on 30 cities. du bois documented atrocities in pages of crisis, culminating in december publication of gruesome photograph of lynching occurred during omaha, nebraska race riot.


the egregious episode during red summer vicious attack on blacks in elaine, arkansas, in 200 blacks murdered. reports coming out of south blamed blacks, alleging conspiring take on government. infuriated distortions, du bois published letter in new york world, claiming crime black sharecroppers had committed daring challenge white landlords hiring attorney investigate contractual irregularities. on 60 of surviving blacks arrested , tried conspiracy, in case known moore v. dempsey. du bois rallied blacks across america raise funds legal defense, which, 6 years later, resulted in supreme court victory authored oliver wendell holmes. although victory had little immediate impact on justice blacks in south, marked first time federal government used 14th amendment guarantee of due process prevent states shielding mob violence.




darkwater: voices within veil, first edition cover, 1920


in 1920, du bois published darkwater: voices within veil, first of 3 autobiographies write. veil covered colored people around world. in book, hoped lift veil , show white readers life behind veil, , how distorted viewpoints of looking through it – in both directions. book contained du bois s feminist essay, damnation of women , tribute dignity , worth of women, particularly black women.


concerned textbooks used african-american children ignored black history , culture, du bois created monthly children s magazine, brownies book. published in 1920, aimed @ black children, du bois called children of sun .








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